When Did Atlantic City Casinos Open
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New Jersey is a state known for its affliction with gambling. The authorities within this state have always believed in freedom. Until lotteries were banned in 1844, New Jersey regularly held them to enable funding for the French and Indian War and the Revolutionary War.
FILE- This 1989 photograph shows Atlantis Casino Hotel, formerly Playboy Casino Hotel, the year it closed and was sold to Donald Trump after the Casino Control Commission says the property was no. In 1978, Resorts Atlantic City, which still operates from the same Boardwalk location to this day, became the first legalized Atlantic City casino to open to the public.
Even after gambling was outlawed, enforcement was incredibly spotty. It’s well-known that social gambling flourished. Even churches would openly hold bingo games in defiance of Federal law.
Atlantic City itself started as a center for health resorts, with the famous Boardwalk area designed to prevent sand from getting into hotel lobbies.
The Road to Opening Atlantic City’s First Casino
Despite Atlantic City’s reputation as the Las Vegas of the Atlantic, it took a long time for Nevada’s casino monopoly to break. The state did open the Freehold Raceway, allow gambling at the racetrack in 1939, and non-profits were able to run raffles and bingo in 1953. Amusement games would then be legalized in 1959.
The groundwork for Atlantic City’s first casino started to form after the 1970 referendum, where New Jersey voters supported the implementation of a lottery with a majority of 81.5%.
In 1976, casinos finally expanded beyond Nevada’s borders as New Jersey legalized casinos. This followed a statewide referendum that voted against legalizing casinos across the whole of the state.
Two years later, proponents for casinos decided to try again. They proposed that new casinos be restricted to the city limits of Atlantic City. In another vote, encompassing only residents of Atlantic City, the proposal passed by around 200,000 votes.
The First Casino in Atlantic City
The Press of Atlantic City was a heavy supporter of legalizing gambling in the city. It’s important to understand the health resorts had long since faded away and the city was experiencing severe economic problems at the times. Casinos were seen as the answer.
The Resorts Casino is the oldest Atlantic City casino hotel. It occupies the same position on the city’s historic Boardwalk area as it did when it first opened. Today, it’s one of the premier hotels in Atlantic City.
At Resorts you’ll spot the classic theme of the Roaring Twenties. This harkens back to the famous Prohibition Era, where the law was largely ignored. That same era would be further immortalized through HBO’s Boardwalk Empire.
The 80’s Boom
The 1980s saw Atlantic City boom, with the majority of Atlantic City’s current skyline coming to life. It would see Harrah’s Atlantic City, New Jersey open its doors, with Bally’s Casino and the Golden Nugget becoming major players throughout the city.
During the second half of the 1980s, current president of the United States Donald Trump would step up to the plate, with the Trump Taj Mahal and Trump Plaza. Historians generally consider the opening of Trump’s casino empire to be the end of the construction boom in Atlantic City.
What was so stunning about the construction boom in Atlantic City is how much success the city briefly enjoyed.
In 1988, revenues for Atlantic City hit $2.73 billion, whereas Las Vegas could only report $1.94 billion in revenue for the year.
For many, Atlantic City was well on the way to surpassing Las Vegas as the gambling mecca of America. Remember, other than on Indian reservations, casinos could be found nowhere else in the US.
The Myth about Atlantic City’s Failure
Many say that Atlantic City saw a dramatic fall from grace following the 1980s and the 1990s. This couldn’t be further from the truth.
The problem is everyone believes Trump’s failure meant failure for Atlantic City.
What Does the Future Hold for Atlantic City Casinos?
It’s well-known that the Borgata Casino took over as the industry leader throughout the 2010s. Nobody has managed to surpass it as the market leader within Atlantic City.
The decline in the fortunes of the casinos in Atlantic City appears to have stabilized since the dark decade following the recession. However, revenue is still down by over 50%, when compared to the mid-2000s.
However, the future of the gambling industry in Atlantic City has changed.
The Legalization of Online Gambling
New Jersey and Atlantic City oversaw a period of falling profits and constant decline. To counter this, New Jersey legalized online gambling in 2012. This allowed casinos to offer online gaming facilities to anyone within the borders of the state.
This saw huge increases in revenues through online gaming. Despite not hitting the revenues of the boom period of the 2000s, New Jersey is on the way up again.
Additionally, in 2018, New Jersey decided to legalize sports betting. Most of the big casinos, including the Golden Nugget, Borgata, and Caesars have now opened up sports betting facilities to gamblers across the state.
This will see New Jersey casinos tap revenue streams that simply weren’t available in the past. It’s unlikely that the land-based casinos of Atlantic City will hit the heights of the boom period, but these new revenue streams may propel these major brands back to the mega profits of old.
Although revenues haven’t spiked like they did in the 2000s thus far, it’s obvious that Atlantic City is well on the way back to prominence.
Which Atlantic City Casinos are Still Open?
Despite being far smaller than Las Vegas, Atlantic City has hit somewhat of a boom period. Huge casinos dominate large swathes of the landscape.
Here are the major casinos in operation today.
Borgata
The Borgata utilizes a Tuscany theme in its giant casino consisting of almost 3,000 hotel rooms. Based in the Marina district, the Borgata opened in July 2003 and is currently the market leader for land-based casinos.
Borgata is also known for its premier poker rooms, which have hosted a number of professional tournaments.
In 2008, Borgata opened the Water Club at Borgata, which is an additional hotel boasting 800 rooms.
Bally’s
Bally’s is another big name, with the casino opening in 1979 and taking over from the original Golden Nugget. Based in Midtown, this highly modern casino is a favorite in Atlantic City. It also owns the Wild West Casino, which opened in 1997.
There are more than 5,000 slot machines at Bally’s. It’s owned by Caesars Entertainment, which also owns Harrah’s and Caesars.
Caesars
Caesars is another old casino, having opened its doors in 1979 under the name of the Boardwalk Regency. This big name in the gambling business has over a thousand hotel rooms and allows players to sink into a Roman Empire theme as they hit the tables.
This is the second oldest casino in the city and has operated under its current name of the Caesars Atlantic City since 1987. It would join in the construction boom by adding an expanded gaming floor and two additional hotel towers.
Today, it boasts over 3,000 slot machines and operates 135 different table games.
Golden Nugget
Big online and big in Vegas, the Golden Nugget moved into Atlantic City with its Gold Rush Era theme in June 1985. It’s one of the mainstays of the Marina district. The original building was constructed by Hilton Hotels.
The reason why Donald Trump opened the original Golden Nugget as Trump’s Castle, and then Trump Marina, was due to the fact Hilton Hotels failed to secure a gaming license.
The Golden Nugget Atlantic City became what it was today in 2011, after a $150 million renovation project.
It’s currently owned and operated by Caesars Entertainment.
Hard Rock Casino
The Hard Rock took over the Trump Taj Mahal in 1990. This Rock and Roll-themed casino boasts almost 2,000 hotel rooms and holds a huge presence in Uptown.
At one time, the Hard Rock Casino building was the largest casino in the world and known as the Eighth Wonder of the World.
The collapse of the original Trump Taj Mahal was seen as symbolic of the end of Atlantic City’s boom period.
Harrah’s
Located on the Marina, Harrah’s has over 2,500 hotel rooms. It opened in 1980 and has established a large online presence in recent years.
The original Harrah’s was known as the Harrah’s Marina Resort. Harrah’s claimed a little piece of history by being the first casino established away from the Boardwalk.
There are currently five towers at Harrah’s, of which the latest tower was constructed in 2008. Harrah’s offers a luxury experience for its guests, with comfortable hotel rooms, pools, and spas.
Additionally, Harrah’s boasts 177,000 square feet of casino. Guests can play one of the 5,500 slots games or enjoy the poker room. Harrah’s Poker Room comes with 40 different poker tables.
Resorts Casino
The Resorts Casino is an older casino opened in 1978. This Roaring Twenties themed casino is a favorite among visitors to Atlantic City’s Uptown district.
However, its current incarnation only came into being in 2011, following a huge renovation project. The original casino was built on land formerly occupied by Quaker rooming houses. In 2004, it received its famed 27-storey hotel tower.
This historic Atlantic City casino has more than 70,000 square feet of gaming space.
Tropicana
The Tropicana Casino has a unique Old Havana theme, harkening back to the 1950s. It’s been the largest casino in the Downbeach area since 1981 and boasts 2,300 hotel rooms.
Tropicana has also created a casino filled with history. The original skeleton of the Tropicana consists of what remains of the old Ambassador Hotel, which dates back to 1919. Ramada bought the hotel in 1978, and then converted it into the Tropicana building everyone knows today.
It also boasts The Quarter at Tropicana, which is a shopping mall bearing the casino’s Old Havana theme.
As well as its more than 2,000 hotel rooms, Tropicana recently acquired The Chelsea. This is a neighboring boutique hotel with 300+ rooms.
Atlantic City has seen a dozen casinos open up over the 40-plus years New Jerseycasino gambling has been legal.
Four of them ceased operations in 2014 and a fifth closed in 2016. At least one of those properties is now a non-gaming hotel and two others opened under different names. Several plans for the other two have been thrown at the wall, but none have stuck.
The AC casino industry now boasts nine active casinos. It has had its share of ups and downs, including several occasions when all casinos closed due to either government shutdowns or global pandemics.
Below you’ll find brief histories of all 12 casinos in Atlantic City and an explanation of where they are today. Plus, we take a closer look at the most recent and longest casino shut down due to the coronavirus pandemic.
COVID-19 pandemic shuts down Atlantic City casinos
On March 16, 2020, Gov. Phil Murphy ordered lights out at Atlantic City casinos.
For just the fifth time in the history of legal New Jersey casino gambling, all casinos closed in an effort to contain the coronavirus, also called COVID-19.
Shortly after the March 16 closure, Murphy said AC casinos would remain closed until it is safe for them to reopen.
“It is no longer time for business as usual. This is real. Stop believing folks who say this isn’t real.”
How long were Atlantic City casinos closed?
The exact date for reopening would be 108 days later on July 2. This makes the coronavirus closure the longest shutdown of NJ gambling in the state’s history.
Atlantic City casinos reopened with several health and safety restrictions, including a 25% capacity limit.
BREAKING: On Thursday, July 2nd:
🎰Casinos may reopen – operating at 25% capacity
🍽️Indoor dining may resume – limited at first to 25% capacity
Additional health and safety guidance will be released within the next several days. pic.twitter.com/b4jY2fR3sp
— Governor Phil Murphy (@GovMurphy) June 22, 2020
Most Atlantic City casinos reopened on July 2 and July 3 before the holiday weekend. However, Borgata’s planned reopening of July 6 was canceled. The casino chose to stay closed after news came that indoor diningwould not resume as planned.
Borgata would eventually reopen but nearly a month after the other eight casinos on July 26. Indoor dining resumed at 25% capacity on Sept. 4.
The situation slightly improved on Feb. 5, 2021. Atlantic City casinos and restaurants are now operating at 35% capacity.
BREAKING: I’m signing an Executive Order to:
☑️Expand indoor dining capacity to 35%
☑️Lift the statewide 10:00 PM restaurant indoor service limit; local restrictions may remain in place
This order will take effect Friday, February 5th. Public health protocols must be adhered to. pic.twitter.com/L4SnyDgIfW
— Governor Phil Murphy (@GovMurphy) February 3, 2021
AC casinos forced to close before
AC casinos closed five times since gambling began in 1978. Three closures were related to hurricanes and one due to a government shutdown:
- 1985: Hurricane Gloria
- 2006: Government shutdown (three days)
- 2011: Hurricane Irene (three days)
- 2012: Hurricane Sandy (five days)
- 2020: COVID-19 pandemic (108 days)
Operating New Jersey casinos
Bally’s
Bally’s Atlantic City opened in 1979 at the corner of Park Place and the Boardwalk. The property featured two casinos with more than 220,000 square feet of gaming space and more than 5,000 slot machines.
However, with Caesars Entertainment merging with Eldorado Resorts, Bally’s and Wild Wild West Casino parted ways. The former was sold to Twin River Worldwide Holdings, now Bally’s Corp. The latter is now part of the neighboring Caesars Atlantic City.
The sale of Bally’s was completed in November, and the name is staying put.
Borgata
The Borgata Hotel Casino & Spa opened in Atlantic City in 2003. It has been the market’s top-grossing casino property ever since. Borgata was originally a partnership between MGM Resorts and Boyd Gaming. MGM bought out Boyd’s 50% interest in 2016.
The property features a 2,000-room hotel and a 161,000-square-foot casino with close to 3,500 slot machines and more than 250 table games. It is also home to the premier poker room on the East Coast.
Borgata is home to not one but two retail sportsbooks. The BetMGM Sportsbook & Bar and the Borgata Race & Sports Book are located next to each other, but the latter is the only one spot in AC that allows horse betting.
The Water Club at Borgata, an 800-room boutique hotel, was added in 2008.
Caesars Atlantic City
Caesars Atlantic City first opened as the Boardwalk Regency in Atlantic City in 1979. The company bought an 11-story Howard Johnson’s Regency Motor Hotel on the property and renovated it to include seven more floors and a 52,000-square-foot casino. When it opened, it was just the second legal casino in Atlantic City.
In 1983, the company added the name Caesars and it became Caesars Boardwalk Regency. In 1987, Caesars renamed the property Caesars Atlantic City. The casino expanded its gaming floor and added two more hotel towers during the next 20 years.
The property now has more than 1,100 rooms and 145,000 square feet of gaming space, featuring more than 3,000 slot machines and 135 table games.
With the sale of Bally’s complete, Caesars AC is now home to the largest sportsbook in the resort town.
Golden Nugget Atlantic City
Golden Nugget Atlantic City was originally built by Hilton Hotels. As construction was wrapping up, the company was denied a gambling license. It sold the complex to partner Donald Trump and the property opened in 1985 as Trump’s Castle. Trump renamed it Trump Marina in 1997.
Houston-based hospitality and entertainment company Landry’s, Inc. bought the property in 2011. Landry’s changed its name to Golden Nugget Atlantic City and spent $150 million on renovations.
Golden Nugget Atlantic City now contains almost 75,000 square feet of gaming space and 728 hotel rooms.
Harrah’s
Harrah’s Resort Atlantic City was the Atlantic City Marina District’s original hotel and casino. It is also the flagship property under the Harrah’s brand.
The property opened in November 1980 as Harrah’s Marina Resort. It was the first casino in Atlantic City not on the Boardwalk.
It opened with a 506-room Harbor Tower. A new all-suite Atrium Tower premiered in 1986. In 1997, the property constructed the 16-story Marina Tower. In 2002, the 25-story Bayview Tower debuted. Finally, in 2008 came the addition of the Waterfront Tower, along with a new pool and spa.
The casino has been expanded to feature 177,000 square feet of gaming space, with more than 5,500 slots and video poker games. It also has close to 140 table games and a 40-table poker room.
Resorts
Resorts Casino Hotel became Atlantic City’s first legal casino when it opened in May 1978. It was originally built on land that housed two three-story wooden Quaker rooming houses. The casino and hotel grew in 2004 with the addition of a 27-story hotel tower.
Renovations in 2011 saw Resorts converted to a Roaring Twenties-themed property. Resorts now boasts 80,000 square feet of gaming space with more than 1,500 slot machines and 70 table games.
The property also includes a 5,000-square-foot DraftKings Sportsbook located just off the Atlantic City Boardwalk.
Tropicana
The bones of the Tropicana Casino & Resort Atlantic City are made up of the original Ambassador Hotel built back in 1919. The historic hotel closed in the early 1970s. Ramada bought it in 1978. In 1981, Ramada rebuilt the property into Tropicana Atlantic City, a 521-room hotel and casino on the Atlantic City Boardwalk.
Tropicana expanded with a second hotel tower and an amusement center called Tivoli Pier in 1988. The property changed its name to Tropworld Casino and Entertainment Resort. In 1996, a new 604-room hotel tower opened, Tivoli Pier closed, and the entire property was renovated. It then took on the name Tropicana Casino & Resort Atlantic City.
When Do Atlantic City Casinos Open Back Up
The property underwent further expansion and more renovations in 2004. At that time, The Quarter at Tropicana, an old-Havana themed shopping mall, opened up.
Tropicana, or the Trop as it’s known locally, now boasts three floors of gaming with more than 3,000 slot machines and 135 table games. There are also some 2,400 hotel rooms on the property. Plus, Tropicana acquired The Chelsea in 2017, a 330-room boutique hotel next door.
The casino was an Eldorado Resorts company, but the Caesars Entertainment merger puts Tropicana under the Caesars umbrella.
New Atlantic City casinos
Ocean Casino Resort
Plans to build the Revel Casino Resort on the Atlantic City Boardwalk property across from the Showboat Casino Hotel began in 2007. A $2 billion casino hotel with two-700-foot towers was expected to be completed in 2010. Financial troubles and construction slowdowns plagued the project and the opening date was pushed back several times.
Revel opened on April 2, 2012. Operators filed for bankruptcy within a year. The hotel and casino shut down in September 2014. Florida developer Glenn Straub bought it out of bankruptcy court for $82 million in 2015. Straub had difficulties obtaining the necessary state and local permits to reopen. After rebranding the property TEN, he pushed back relaunch dates several times.
At one time, the property contained 1,400 hotel rooms and as much as 130,000 square feet of gaming floor space.
In late 2017, rumors started to churn that Straub was considering selling the former Revel. Those rumors proved to be true when in January 2018, word came that the casino had been sold to Colorado developer AC Ocean Walk.
The property opened as Ocean Resort Casino on June 28 and was one of the first casinos on the Boardwalk to have a sportsbook.
In early 2019, the casino was once again sold, this time to Luxor Capital Investments. The casino was rebranded to Ocean Casino Resort and has since gained market share.
Hard Rock Atlantic City
Built at a cost of more than $1 billion, Trump Taj Mahal first opened in 1990 and was the largest casino in the world at the time. It was the top-grossing casino in Atlantic City prior to the opening of the Borgata Hotel Casino & Spa in 2003.
However, Trump Taj Mahal went through numerous bankruptcy proceedings and ownership changes over its more than 25 years in operation.
Trump Taj Mahal closed down on Oct. 10, 2016, in the middle of a labor dispute.
The property was sold to Hard Rock International in 2017 and went through a $500 million renovation. It reopened as Hard Rock Hotel & Casino Atlantic City in June 2018, quickly becoming one of the top casinos in the market.
Repurposed casino properties in AC
Showboat Atlantic City
The Showboat Hotel, Casino and Bowling Center opened in March 1987 featuring a 60,000-square-foot casino and a 60-lane bowling alley. A renovation in 1995 brought in a Mardi Gras theme. In 1998, Harrah’s Entertainment bought Showboat’s parent company and took ownership.
The casino converted the bowling alley into a buffet in 2001. In 2003, it built another hotel tower and remodeled the original. In 2004, it constructed a third hotel tower. That same year, Harrah’s Entertainment became Caesars Entertainment and made plans to close and sell the casino. Caesars shuttered the Showboat on Aug. 31, 2014, after failing to find a buyer.
Richard Stockton College bought the property with plans to turn it into a college campus but later sold to Philadelphia developer Bart Blatstein. It reopened as a non-gaming hotel in July 2016. (A deed restriction on the property prevents it from reactivating a casino.)
Blatstein’s Showboat plans include an indoor water park on the vacant lot next door to Showboat.
The Claridge
The Claridge opened in 1930 and was the last of the great Atlantic City Boardwalk hotels constructed before casinos.
When Did Atlantic City Casinos Open Again
In the summer of 1981, Del Webb’s Claridge Hotel and Casino opened to the public. The London-themed property featured a multi-level gambling floor and a 600-seat entertainment venue.
But The Claridge struggled to compete with the newer, larger casino hotels constructed in Atlantic City.
In 2001, the historic building was purchased by Park Place Entertainment, then-owner of Bally’s Atlantic City. One year later, The Claridge’s operations were combined with Bally’s.
In 2009 the casino floor was rebranded theRidge in an attempt to appeal to a younger crowd. A DJ booth was at the center of the casino floor with table games along the outside.
The gaming floor at theRidge was shut down in 2012.
Florida-based TJM Properties bought The Claridge the following year and has operated it as a non-gaming hotel since 2014.
Last year, TJM joined the ownership group of the former Atlantic Club Casino Hotel in appealing a decision to not lift gaming deed restrictions on the properties by the state Casino Control Commission.
New Jersey casinos closed for good?
The Atlantic Club Casino Hotel
The Atlantic Club Casino Hotel was Atlantic City’s original Golden Nugget. In fact, it opened up as the Golden Nugget Hotel & Casino in 1980. Bally Manufacturing acquired the casino in 1987 and changed the name to Bally’s Grand Hotel and Casino.
Hilton Hotels Corporation bought Bally in 1998 and renamed the property Atlantic City Hilton.
In 2005, Resorts International Holdings bought the casino and ran Resorts Atlantic City and the Atlantic City Hilton for the next four years as a single entity.
The Hilton name was removed in June 2011 and it became the ACH Casino Resort. It was rebranded and renamed The Atlantic Club Casino Hotel in 2012.
The casino shut its doors on Jan. 13, 2014. Caesars Entertainment bought the property and Tropicana obtained all the gaming equipment. However, Caesars Entertainment sold the property to TJM Properties in 2014. TJM made plans to reopen it as a non-gaming property.
The company announced in 2017 another developer would be purchasing the property and turning it into an indoor waterpark. The financing for this project ultimately fell through.
Several other deals fell through in the next two years before TJM announced in October 2019 that Colosseo Atlantic City Inc. had purchased the property with plans to turn into a non-gaming hotel. Those plans are mostly still a mystery.
Brighton/Sands
Sands Atlantic City was borne from the legacy of one of the city’s most iconic Boardwalk hotels.
The Brighton Hotel opened in 1876 and stood until 1959. On its footprint, The Brighton Hotel & Casino was constructed for a cost of $70 million. It opened on Aug. 13, 1980.
The casino hotel consisted of a 21-story tower with 532 rooms and a 57,045 square-foot gaming floor.
The Brighton was the fourth casino to open in AC and the first to be built from scratch.
After two ownership changes, the property became the Sands Atlantic City in 1981.
A second-floor gaming area was opened in 1994. The additional 26,000 square-feet, including a new racebook, gave the Sands the fourth largest casino in Atlantic City.
That same year plans to rename the property as a Hollywood Casino were announced but never came to fruition.
When Did Atlantic City Casinos Open Close
The Sands filed for bankruptcy protection in 1998, opening the door for billionaire Wall Street investor Carl Icahn to gain control of it. Icahn went on to buy two other nearby hotels, the Madison Hotel and the Traymore Hotel, which allowed the Sands to expand its gaming floor even more.
In September 2006, Pinnacle Entertainment agreed to buy the Sands and the Traymore site for a total of $250 million. Pinnacle wanted to close and demolish the Sands and build a larger casino.
The Sands closed on Nov. 11, 2006. The sale to Pinnacle was completed shortly after.
The building was imploded at 9:37 p.m. on Oct. 18, 2007, the first-ever casino-hotel implosion on the East Coast.
When Did Atlantic City Casinos Open
Pinnacle never built a casino in AC and canceled its plans in 2010.
The Sands site remains vacant.
Trump Plaza
Harrah’s at Trump Plaza was the biggest casino in Atlantic City history when it opened in May 1984. It was a joint partnership between Donald Trump and Holiday Inn’s gaming division Harrah’s. It originally featured 614 rooms and a 60,000-square-foot casino.
When Trump opened Trump Castle, Harrah’s claimed it was a conflict of interest. Trump bought out Harrah’s interest in the property and rechristened it Trump Plaza.
The property went through a bankruptcy in 1992 and Trump’s publicly traded Trump Hotels & Casino Resorts took ownership. Trump added a new hotel tower in 1996.
In 2011, the renamed Trump Entertainment Resorts announced it was looking to sell or find a financing partner for a renovation. The company could not find a buyer and Trump Plaza shut down in September 2014.
Over the next six years, the crumbling facade of Trump Plaza would become more than a nuisance. Carl Icahn bought the land in late 2018, terminating the lease on the land and halting any potential buyers. Demolition seemed imperative and likely with no buyers on the horizon.
After a push from Atlantic City’s mayor, Trump Plaza was demolished on February 17, 2021.
When Did Atlantic City Casinos Open 24 Hours
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